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Hangover Calculator

How long this one is likely to last, and what your body is actually doing while you wait. Ranges, from the published research — no cures for sale.

Last night

Count in standard drinks: a 12 oz beer, a 5 oz glass of wine or a single shot is one each. A large pour or a strong beer is more.

6
120+
4 hours
1 hour12 hours

And after

Sleep is the one input the duration research ties directly to the clock — and it does not move it in the direction most people expect.

6 hours
None12 hours
Likely to last
counting from your last drink
Moderate

This estimate runs into a second day

On a night that big, the alcohol itself is still clearing well into the next day, so the hangover starts late and finishes later. That is the ordinary explanation for a two-day hangover. The other explanation matters more: if the second day brings shaking, sweating, a racing pulse or anxiety that eases when you drink again, that pattern is worth checking against withdrawal rather than filing under hangovers.

What moved this estimate

Every input, what it did to the range, and why. Nothing here is hidden in a black box.

Hour by hour, from your last drink

A hangover develops as blood alcohol concentration approaches zero, which is why the worst of it arrives after the drinking is long over.

What actually helps

All of it makes the wait easier. None of it makes the wait shorter.

  • Time. The only thing that ends a hangover. Everything below is comfort while it runs.
  • Water and food. Fluid loss and low blood sugar are real parts of the picture, and both are easy to fix. Fixing them treats symptoms, not the process.
  • More sleep, if you can get it. Short sleep tracks with rougher hangovers — in one study of 578 drinkers, total sleep time correlated negatively with hangover severity.
  • Painkillers, carefully. They treat the headache. Paracetamol goes through a liver that has had a long night, and anti-inflammatories are hard on a stomach alcohol has already irritated — read the label, and never double up.
  • A quiet room. Light and noise sensitivity are part of the syndrome. Lowering the input is free and it works.

What does not

A 2022 systematic review of randomised placebo-controlled trials found only very low quality evidence for any pharmacologically active hangover treatment.

  • Hair of the dog. A hangover develops as blood alcohol approaches zero, so another drink pushes that moment later. It is a postponement with more alcohol attached, and NIAAA lists a drink the next morning among the things that will not cure a hangover. Needing one to steady up is a different signal — see below.
  • Coffee. Changes how awake you feel. Changes nothing about how fast alcohol or its metabolites leave.
  • Sweating it out. The liver does essentially all of the work at its own pace. A run adds dehydration to a body that is short of fluid.
  • Supplements, sachets and drips. That is the aisle the systematic review above was reviewing when it found very low quality evidence.
  • A greasy breakfast. Food matters before drinking, where it slows absorption and lowers your peak. Afterwards it is breakfast — welcome, but not a treatment.

If the worst part is the dread

The morning anxiety has a name and a mechanism. Alcohol lifts calming GABA signalling and damps glutamate while you drink; as it clears, the brain swings the other way, and the swing arrives as jitter, dread and a replay of everything you said. Reviewing the biology, Palmer and colleagues concluded that alcohol metabolites, neurotransmitter alterations, inflammatory factors and mitochondrial dysfunction are the most likely factors in hangover pathology — with particular reference to glutamate. Broken sleep and low blood sugar sharpen it. It passes as the chemistry resettles. Our full piece on hangxiety covers why it lands hardest on people who were already anxious.

When it is not a hangover

Hangover and early withdrawal overlap in the morning and then part ways. A hangover eases through the day and does not care whether you drink. Withdrawal sharpens, and it settles when alcohol goes back in. Shaking hands, sweating, a racing pulse, or a morning drink that fixes all three — that pattern belongs to a different page. In physically dependent drinkers, alcohol-related seizures typically occur 8 to 48 hours after the last drink, which is exactly the window a "two-day hangover" occupies. The withdrawal risk checker takes two minutes and tells you which conversation you are having.

This is data for next time, not a verdict on last night

A rough morning is information: about pace, about the finish time, about how much of it was the last two rounds. Most people who run this twice — once after a heavy night, once after a lighter one — find a threshold that separates a fine morning from a lost day, and that threshold is more useful than a resolution. The one lever that reliably moves it is the night itself: alternating alcoholic and alcohol-free drinks one for one roughly halves the total without shortening the evening, and the units calculator shows how fast a large glass of wine stops counting as one drink.

Nothing here is saved. No account, no upload, nothing kept after you close the tab.

How this is calculated

The duration estimate starts from published survey research on hangover length and moves within it according to what you enter. In a study of 578 drinkers by the Utrecht group, hangovers lasted an average of 18.4 hours from the last drink, and people who slept longer than seven hours reported slightly longer hangovers than those who slept under five — which is why sleep shifts your range here rather than shortening it. Notably, that research found duration tracked hangover severity and sleep, not the raw number of drinks, so the amount you drank moves the severity side of the estimate rather than the clock. The hour-by-hour timeline follows the mechanisms described in the hangover literature: acetaldehyde from the first step of alcohol metabolism, an inflammatory immune response, disrupted sleep architecture, low blood sugar, and a rebound in brain signalling as alcohol clears. Dehydration is in that list, not at the top of it. These are averages across groups of people, not a forecast of your morning.

Sources

Our editorial policy explains how these tools and articles are researched and kept up to date.

Why this matters

Almost everyone searching this wants one number, and the honest answer is a band. It is a well-measured band, though. Sampling severity every two hours in 811 drinkers, van Schrojenstein Lantman, Mackus and Verster reported that the average duration of the alcohol hangover was 18.4 hours from the last drink, that for the majority of drinkers it ranged from 14 to 23 hours, and that measured from waking it runs about 12 hours. That sample was Dutch students with a mean age of 20, so read it as the shape of a hangover rather than a forecast of yours.

The second thing the research says is more useful than the first, because it contradicts the folk model. Dehydration is not the headline. Reviewing the biochemistry, Palmer and colleagues concluded that alcohol metabolites, neurotransmitter alterations, inflammatory factors and mitochondrial dysfunction are the most likely factors in hangover pathology. Fluid loss is real and worth fixing; it is one strand among several, which is exactly why water helps a little and cures nothing. The consensus statement from the hangover research group adds the timing: a hangover develops as blood alcohol concentration approaches zero, which is why the worst of it lands hours after the last drink rather than at the peak of the night.

Sleep behaves strangely here, and the estimate above reflects it rather than smoothing it over. In a study of 578 drinkers, total sleep time correlated negatively with hangover severity — shorter nights, rougher mornings — while longer sleep went with a slightly longer hangover measured from the last drink. Short sleep does not buy you a shorter hangover. It buys you a worse one that ends at roughly the same time.

Age is the other place the internet gets it backwards. Across 51,645 adults in the Danish Health Examination Study, Tolstrup and colleagues found the odds of severe hangover after binge drinking ran 6.8, 4.8, 3.0 and 2.0 among men aged 18–29, 30–39, 40–49 and 50–59 compared with those aged 60 and over, and the gradient survived correction for how much people usually drank. Hangovers are reported less often with age, not more. What does change is the ground they land on: body water distribution falls with age while the enzymes that process alcohol lose activity, so the same drinks reach a higher blood level.

None of which is a verdict on you. A hangover is a measurement of a night, and the only lever that reliably moves it sits before the first drink.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does a hangover last?
Most hangovers take most of a day. In survey research from the Utrecht hangover group, the average ran to about 18 hours from the last drink, with the majority of people somewhere between roughly 14 and 23 hours. Heavier nights, short sleep and no food push you toward the long end. The estimate here is a range, not a promise.
What actually causes a hangover?
More than dehydration. Acetaldehyde from the first step of alcohol metabolism, an inflammatory immune response, disrupted sleep architecture, low blood sugar and a rebound in brain signalling once alcohol's sedative effect fades all contribute. Fluid loss is real, but it is one strand of several — which is why water helps a little and cures nothing.
Does hair of the dog work?
It postpones. Another drink lifts your blood alcohol and delays the withdrawal-like rebound that is part of the hangover, so you feel better while it lasts and no better afterwards — and you have extended the drinking. If you regularly need a morning drink to steady up, the withdrawal risk checker is a useful next stop.
Why am I so anxious the day after drinking?
That is hangxiety. Alcohol boosts calming GABA signalling and damps glutamate; as it clears, your brain rebounds the other way and the morning arrives jittery and dread-heavy. Broken sleep and low blood sugar sharpen it. It passes as the chemistry resettles, usually inside the day.
What actually helps a hangover?
Time is the only cure. Water, food, salt and sleep make the wait easier; painkillers help the headache, though paracetamol is hard on a liver already busy, so read the label. Nothing shortens the underlying process. The lever that works is the night before — fewer drinks, water between them, food. That is data for next time, not a verdict on last night.

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Go deeper

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Why Hangovers Feel Worse With Age — What the Research Shows

Why are hangovers worse with age? Surveys find severity actually falls. Here's what really changes, how long a hangover lasts, and the 2-day hangover.

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Hangxiety: Why You Feel Anxious the Morning After Drinking

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Fewer of these, without a rulebook

Rebuild tracks what you drink and what it costs you the next day, so the pattern is visible before the morning is.

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